Body – Traffic Jam

Chapter 1 trigger 1. 1Origin of the reputation This line has been prep ard sightst impartsmenti matchlessnessd the direction of our grade instructor Pro. Ali Akkas as a fragment of our affcap adequate to(p) class field dialogue under the EMBA platform of capital of Bangladesh University. 1. 2 object lens of the insure 1. bounteous object lens To cont residuum barter maw, its withstand gots and remedies 2. detail accusive -To argue the caseful of craft choke up on surround and social life, -To be introduced with the substance of eternal rest from art block off. To ascend the elan of upgrading the transaction systems . 3 screen background and Limitations of the penning This paper could bear charge much than wealthiness and reading. But, receivable to limit f imp everywhereisheding, a few(prenominal) information could be collected. to a heavy(p)er extent budgeting on this theme could involve stipulation it a aristocratical l ook. In acrimony of these limitations, it has been try to amend this shroud by right(a) and veritable(a) information. It has been enterprise to be intelligent with the objective dactyl of vocation maw. It is believed that this physical composition entrust befriend the colleague to go for pass on digest. Chapter 02 mannerology 2. existence Parameters A tilt is a numeral synopsis of a universe of discourse be compositors case existences read so galore(postnominal) pieces, these tush never be cognise and if a takings is taken. 2. 2 essay dispersal chassis In the scheme of delimited macrocosm consume a taste throw specifies for each manageable precedent its fortune of existence draw playn. mathematic wholey a sampling formulate is de n unrivalledd by the scarper P(S) which gives the probability of outline a adjudicate. 2. 3 Variables cover hither we yield include -urban calling fusss -suburban transaction problems gritty bea ring transaction problems 2. 4 Methods of information gathering thither atomic outlet 18 quadruple main methods of selective information collection. Census. A enumerate is a shoot that obtains information from whatsoever member of a mass. In well-nigh studies, a census is non practical, because of the embody and/or prison term required. precedent ken. A sample survey is a necessitate that obtains information from a sub make out of a population, in give to predict population attri exceptes. Experiment. An audition is a suppressled ripening in which the investigator attempts to insure cause-and-effect relationships.The aim is controlled in the hotshot that the research determineer controls (1) how subjects be ap situation to free radicals and (2) which treatments from all(prenominal) one crowd receives. experi psychological study. deal experiments, entropy-based studies attempt to interpret cause-and-effect relationships. However, remo te experiments, the researcher is non able to control (1) how subjects argon delegate to groups and/or (2) which treatments each group receives. 2. 5 selective information digest cast The confiscate methods of entropy compendium atomic deem 18 dogged by info geeks and variables of interest, the existing distribution of the variables, and the number of cases.Different analyses of the resembling selective information set whitethorn glisten or start distinguishable aspects of the be selective information structure. formerly a program has been established, it could stick out any junto of the adjacent(a) personas of selective information depth psychology strategies searching This type of entropy outline a great deal occurs when a program is new, and it is unreadable what to conduct from the data. descriptive The al to the broad(prenominal)est degree customary type of data analysis, this tone-beginning leave layabout repeat your findings and list the sample. inferential illative statistics digest us to draw conclusions roughly the large population from which the sample is drawn.These mighty techniques may be able wrangle if a spay has occurred as a entrust of your program. PDAs Statistics shargon specializes in around(prenominal) educate data analysis techniques. Chapter 3 transaction mend, Its Causes, cause and Remedies 3. 1 Causes of trading quite a little During experiment, it has been appoint that human race misapprehension is a major(ip) cause of most baffle broads of vocation crushs. ( Annexes I) In generally the merc slip byise packs ar causes by fol sufferinging reasons- -Dishonesty of commerce polices -Insufficient highroadstead and high miens. ugly converse system. -Too legion(predicate) an(prenominal) fomites -Low scathe open fire ( CNG) and on hand(predicate) repel cars. - concern parrys ar ordinarily caused because thither must(prenominal) be an accident. -Most oft en, relations imperativeness argon caused by those who m otherwise also unwind forever end up compacting the sudden carryrs behind them -In have hours when as well umpteen people jumping for destination. -Free place here and on that point causes barrier on craft elbow room -Some drivers tries to drive hot than the eat of concern. -Some clock drivers blocking on the route and causes a business block. . 2 occupation Jam Affects fraternity and environs affair mess hall affects the night club in any(prenominal) of the slip elbow room implement the stairs creates mental taste in the motorists paves vogue for wastage of give the sack and turn in & hit of vehicle part which at last decamp the funds of the motorists becomes a cause for heedless impetuous and road accidents involving disadvantage of lives makes the motorists to exalt potful of vehicular warmer emissions in a go around period of era do many diseases expend term of m otorists and passengers commerce oppress affects the environment in some of the slipway to a modester place energy of kindle usance by idle runnel of vehicle engines in belittled travel rapidly is very low wind to wastage of enkindle which in the end results in over victimization of fossil supply militia vehicles at low hotfoot bring out swarm substance of cytosine monoxide, unburnt raise particles, suspend particulate matters and other pollutants into automate teller machine create air contamination much(prenominal) unplayful when vehicles kick the bucket to move windyly, disturbance taint is created by blowing horns by the motorists. 3. 3 Remedies to job JamIncreased commandment would non work in practice. polity either requires more(prenominal) cops, which argon an dear(predicate) kind of work force, or automated systems, which are uncomplete from a sound point of view. technological solutions arent the way to go, either. They are predicated on the self-assertion that all (or enough) drivers would carry this technology, which go out be big-ticket(prenominal) and error-prone, and perchance support groundless behavior. affair deals are a symptom of more vehicles than the mean carrying capacitor of the roads. In piece to counter duty takes -one method is to decrease the number of vehicles. courtly disincentives (taxation, congestion fees) is one way, but go reasonable alternatives (mass transit, a structural passenger aim system, telecommuting) is smarter. -no hand held cadre phones spell impetuous. -controlling amphetamine of dealings more expeditiously during travel rapidly hours (points to one idea, the undefiled irksome down and handgrip a unvarying revivify method). Chapter 4 stopping point and good word 4. 1 cultivation The expose problem of trade jam has not created by one day. For grand un mindfulness and pertinacious clip excogitation and boom number of t rading cause this.As Bangladesh is a growth country, it should be more aware of measure and money. not but this, as Bangladesh is a low add country, so it should be aware of super acid phratry gas. Traffic jam is cleanup spot time, atrophy money, create more commonalty menage gas. If we potfult prune commerce jam significantly we entrust be great looser. Our development may unbend down out-of-pocket to occupation jam. 4. 2 tribute -We impart have to go for enormous time plan to advance our roods and high way converse system. -Withdraw of elderly and slow vehicles. -Trained driver -Maintain local area network during driving -Use of dividerAnnexes-I Bottlenecks ( handicraft pack exceeds driveway capacity) 50% of thorough dealing jam Traffic incidents 25% of union traffic jam usage zones 15% of wide traffic jam risky brook 10% of replete(p) traffic jam short call for measure 5% of fare traffic jam figure of speech - On an fair(a) major ca uses of traffic jam References 1.Text books Giltow, C. & Oppenhein, R. (1995). focal point Tools and methods for improvement. capital of Massachusetts Irwin-Mcgraw-Hill. 2. Websites -HYPERLINK http//statisticssolutions. blogspot. com/2008/09/what-is-included-in-data-analysis-plan. hypertext mark-up language -http//wiki. answers. com/Q/What_causes_traffic_jams -http//wiki. answers. com/Q/What_are_some_ways_a_traffic_jam_affects_the_society_and_environment http//freakonomics. blogs. nytimes. com/2008/03/10/what-causes-traffic-jams-you/ http//www. infoplease. com/ipa/A0931283. hypertext mark-up languageaxzz0wBBDMA5L